Isesengura ku ntambara y'inyeshyamba za M23, ifatwa ry'imijyi ya Goma na Sake, umugambi wo gufata Bukavu na Kinshasa n'amateka y'inyeshyamba zabayeho zishamikiye kuri M23
Posted on novembre 21st, 2012 par rwanda-in-liberation
Muri iyi minsi mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo haravugwa imirwano ishyamiranyije inyeshyamab za M23 n'ingabo za Kongo FARDC yatangiriye mu majyaruguru y'intara ya Kivu y'Amajyaruguru mu karere ka Rutshuru aho inyeshyamba za M23 zigaruriye uwo mujyi n'utundi duce tuwushamikiyeho nka Bunagana n'utundi. Izi nyeshyamba zikaba zaratangiye intambara taliki 28 Werurwe 2012 aho zari zivutse zisa n'izitwa CNDP yahoze iyobowe na General Laurent Nkunda waje gufatwa na Kagame agafungirwa bya nyirarureshwa I Kigali agasimbuzwa General Bosco Ntaganda waje gushyirirwaho impapuro zimushakisha mu Rukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwa La Haye mu Buholandi na we yigizwayo bya nyirarureshwa asimbuzwa Colonel Sultani Makenga ubu ufite ipeti rya General de Brigade akaba na we yarashyiriweho impapuro zimushakisha n'urwo rukiko.Intambara rero yakomeje kwisihinga mu gace ka Rutshuru kugeza mu minsi ya vuba aho akanama ka Loni gashinzwe umutekano ku isi kaje gufatira ibihano umukuru w'uyu mutwe maze imirwano yari yibanze muri Rutshuru imanuka isatira umujyi wa Goma aho izi nyeshyamba zatangazaga ko leta ya Kongo nitemera gushyikirana nazo zizafata umujyi wa Goma. Ibi ariko birebewe mu isesengura rirambuye byari ukwihimura kuri Loni byagaragaraga ko ishobora guhita inafatira ibihano abasirikari bakuru b'u Rwanda bavugwa muri raporo y'impuguke za Loni yemeza ko ingabo z'u Rwanda zifasha umutwe wa M23 hakaba cyane cyane hatungwa agatoki minisitiri w'ingabo General James Kabarebe hamwe n'umugaba w'ingabo Genera Charles Kayonga.
Isano y'inyeshyamba za M23 n'izabanjirije uwo mutwe zabayeho muri kariya karere
M23 ni umutwe w'inyeshyamba utaramara umwaka umwe wiswe iryo zina ariko umaze imyaka igera kuri 16 witwa ayandi mazina ugenda unayahinduranya ariko gahunda z'ibikorwa ari zimwe. Habanje imitwe ya za AFDL muri za 1996 ngo yari igamije gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa Marchal Mobutu ifatanyije n'ingabo z'u Rwanda RDF baza no kubigeraho ubwo baturutse Bukavu na Goma bagera Kinshasa bahirika ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu bimika Laurent Désiré Kabila, General James Kabarebe aba umugaba mukuru w'ingabo ariko Kabila aza kwivumbura ku bamushyize ku ntebe abirukana mu gihugu bashaka uko bamukuraho maze leta y'u Rwanda itangiza indi ntambara yageze Kinshasa ariko Kabila yitabaza ibihugu byo mu karere birimo Angola, Zimbabwe na Namibia maze abasirikari b'ibyo bihugu baha Kabarebe n'ingabo yari ayoboye isomo batazigera bibagirwa kuburyo kuva I Kinshasa byababereye inzira y'umusaraba yaguyemo ibihumbi by'abasirikari ba Kagame, Kabarebe n'agatsinda gato mu ngabo yari ayoboye nibo bagize amahirwe yo kugaruka Kigali nabwo binyuze mu nzira ndende.
Nyamara Kabila na we ntibyaje kumuhira kuko bukeye yaje gupangirwa araraswa ndetse anaraswa n'uwo atakekaga agwa aho. Kagame yakomeje gushyirwa mu majwi mu kwica mugenzi we ariko kugeza magingo aya nta buryo bwigeze bugaragazwa bwo gukurikirana iby'urwo rupfu kimwe n'izindi zose z'abandi bakuru b'ibihugu bo mu karere bagiye bicwa muri iyo myaka bivugwa ko bose bishwe na Kagame. Nyuma yo kuraswa Laurent Désiré Kabila yahise asimburwa n'umuhungu we Joseph Kabila Kanambe Hipolyte kugeza magingo aya aho Joseph Kabila ahanganye n'inyeshyamba za M23 bivugwa ko ziyobowe n'ingabo z'u Rwanda.
Muby'ukuri izi ntambara zakomeje kuyogoza Kongo umuntu yavuga ko zagiye zigaragaza nko mu byiciro bitatu:
1. Hari icyiciro cy'inyeshyamba zari zifatanyije n'ingabo z'u Rwanda mu buryo bweruye zarwanyije Mobutu ziramuhirika mu myaka ya za 1996 – 1997 cyane cyane havugwa AFDL yaje kugeza Laurent Désiré Kabila ku butegetsi ariko yari ifatanyije n'ingabo z'u Rwanda;
2. Icyiciro cya kabiri kikaba ari imitwe y'inyeshyamba yabayeho kuva muri za 1998 – 2003 yari igamije gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa Laurent Désiré Kabila mu gihe yari amaze kunaniranwa n'ubutegetsi bwa Kagame ari nabwo bwari bwamwicaje ku ntebe yo kuyobora Congo yahoze yitwa icyo gihe Zaire iza no gukomeza nyuma y'iyicwa rya Kabila kugeza za 2006 aho imitwe myinshi yavutse irwanya ubutegetsi. Ivugwa cyane muri iyo ni UPC ya Dr. Emile Ilunga, MLC ya Jean Pierre Bemba ariko cyane cyane havugwaga RCD yari ifite imbaraga cyane iyobowe na Pr Ernest Wamba Dia Wamba nyuma muri za 1999 uza gucikamo ibice 2 kimwe gishingiye kuri Uganda cyayobowe na Pr Ernest Wamba Dia Wamba cyitwa RCD Kisangani n'igice cyari gishingiye ku Rwanda kiyobowe na Arthur Zahidi Ngoma cyitwa RCD Goma. Impamvu zirumvikana ko zari zishingiye ku makibirane yaje kuvamo imirwano hagati y'u Rwanda na Uganda I Kisangani. RCD yakomeje gucikamo ibice ku buryo kugeza muri za 2006 yari ifite ibice bigera kuri 7: RCD National, RCD Congo, RCD Originel, RCD Authentique, RCD Goma, RCD K (Kisangani) na RCD K/ML .
Icyagaragaye cyane muri aya mashyaka ni uko atavuze cyane ku kibazo by'abanyekongo bavuga ururimi rw'ikinyarwanda ahubwo asa n'aho yari ahugiye mu gusahura amabuye y'agaciro biza no kuyaviramo gusenyuka cyane cyane RCD yabaye nk'iyazimiye burundu. Cyakora mbere yo kuzimira kwayo muri za 2004 habaye ibikorwa by'intambara cyane muri RCD Goma aho humvikanye intambara za Col. Jules Mutebutsi i Bukavu na Bizimana Karahamuheto alias Bizima Karaha bakaba bari fatanyije n'u Rwanda mu bikorwa bwo guteza umutekano muke muri Kongo. Kuri Col. Mutebutsi byaje kuvugwa ko yaje guhungira ku Gikongoro mu nkambi ya Kigeme muri uwo mwaka wa 2004 naho kuri Bizima Karaha we akomeza intambara afashijwe n'u Rwanda rumuha ibikoresho, amafaranga n'abasirikari bo kurwana (http://static.skynetblogs.be/media/33403/881_30060716123bc186d0f5d9b349e3a93b.jpg).
3. Icyiciro cya gatatu kigaragaramo ivuka rya CNDP. Iyi nayo yavutse nyuma y'uko ariya yavuzwe haruguru yari amaze kunanirwa agasenyuka maze haduka CNDP ya Laurent Nkunda (Batware) iza ivuga ko ije kurwanira inyungu z'abanyekongo bavuga ururimi rw'ikinyarwanda akenshi bitwa abanyamulenge. Ntabwo uyu mutwe wavugiraga cyangwa waharaniraga inyungu z'abanyekongo bavuga ururimi rw'ikinyarwanda bose ahubwo ni abatutsi b'abanyamulenge kuko hari n'abandi banyekongo bavuga ururimi rw'ikinyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw'abahutu uyu mutwe utavugiraga. Ndetse hari na bamwe bo mu bwoko bw'abatutsi b'abanyamulenge batabarizwaga muri uwo mutwe barimo ba Col. Masunzu utarigeze na rimwe yumvikana n'iyi mitwe yose yarwaniraga mu burasirazuba bwa Kongo.
Iyi CNDP yavutse muri za 2007 izanywe na Nkunda na Bosco Ntaganda batari bigeze bavugwa muri iriya mitwe yari yarabayeho mbere. Bigeze muri 2009 habayeho amasezerano hagati ya Kinshasa na CNDP ayo masezerano yavuyemo guhagarika imirwano yakorwaga n'izi nyeshyamba bumvikana kuvanga ingabo no kugabana ubutegetsi ariko kubera ko amahanga yari yarabanje kotsa igitutu Nkunda, Kagame yakoze imitwe yo kumufata amujyana I Kigali mu rwego rwo kumukingira ikibaba kuko yabonaga ko amaherezo ashobora kuzafatwa n'inkiko zikamubaza ibyaha by'intambara yakoze kandi akaba yari afitanye amabanga na Kagame akaba atarashakaga ko ayo mabanga ajya ahagaragara biakaba na we byamugiraho ingaruka. Nkunda amaze gufatwa yasimbujwe General Bosco Ntaganda wakomeje kuyobora uwo mutwe wa CNDP mu by'ukuri utarigeze wubahiriza amasezerano yo guhagarika ibikorwa byo guteza umutekano mucye kandi ibyo bikorwa Kagame akaba buri gihe aba abiri inyuma, byaje kugeza mu ntangiriro za 2012 aho amahanga yamwotsaga igitutu cyane cyane Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika zakomeje kumushinja ko ubutegetsi bwe butubahiriza demokarasi n'ubwisanzure bw'abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi kimwe n'abanyamakuru maze abonye ko ibintu bigenda birushaho kumukomerana byashobora no kumuviramo gutakaza ubutegetsi nk'uko yanabisabwaga n'abamwicaje ku ntebe yo Murugwiro , yahise afata general Bosco Ntaganda wanashakishwaga n'Urukiko rwa La Hayek u byaha by'intambara yaregwaga, amushyira iruhande maze CNDP yayoborwaga na Ntaganda ayihinduramo M23 ayiha Col. Makenga maze akavuyo gatangira gatyo kugeza magingo aya.
Ni iki cyatumye ingabo za M23 zifatanyije n'iz'u Rwanda zihutira gufata umujyi wa Goma?
Nk'uko byagiye byemezwa kenshi n'abantu babizi neza, Kagame yatangije ziriya ngabo za M23 afite umugambi wo kwigarurira intara za Kivu zombie mu rwego rwo kubona ako asahura umutungo kuko yari amaze kubona ko abari inshuti ze bagendaga bahinduka abanzi bigatuma agenda atakaza imbaraga byazaga kumuviramo gutakaza ubutegetsi. Amakuru yizewe aturuka mu bantu be ba hafi yemeza ko Leta ya Amerika yari yamuhaye igihe ntarengwa cyo kuba yarekuye ubutegetsi ndetse anemererwa ubuhungiro muri icyo gihugu hamwe n'umuryango we igihe yaba arekuye ubutegtsi ari nabwo perezida Obama yamusabiraga ubudahangarwa mu nkiko za Amerika ngo zitazamukurikirana. Nyamara byaje kuba imfabusa kuko yahise yegura intwaro azihereza ba Makenga, aboherereza ba Kabareba na ba Kayonga ngo babafashe gutegura urugamba rwo kwigarurirwa uburasirazuba bwa Kongo.
Kwihutira gufata Goma benshi bavuga ko byaba ari ukugirango ashakishe ahaturuka ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'imfashanyo abahoze ari inkoramutima ze bamufungiye, abandi bakavuga ko byaba bifitanye isano no gutanguranwa n'igitutu kimuriho ngo ibyemezo bimufatirwa bizafatwe amaze kugira aho yinyagamburira, abandi ndetse bakemeza ko yaba yaramenye ko ingabo za Angola na Zimbabwe ngo zaba ziri mu nzira zigana mu Burasirazuba bwa Kongo bityo ngo akaba ashaka kuzitanga ibirindiro. Ibyo aribyo byose mu ntangiriro z'iriya ntambara na mbere yarwo ho gato urubuga Rwanda in Liberation Process rwabagejejeho imigambi yari ihari yo gutera Kongo. Twanababwiye ko iyi ntambara aba generaux bayigiyemo batabishaka kuko yazaga kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibanire y'igihugu n'amahanga ndetse n'abanyekongo ubwabo ariko Kagame akabategeka ko nta yandi mahitamo bagomba kugenza byanze bikunze. Kugeza magingo aya rero nta cyemeza ko iyi ntambara itarangirira mu Rwanda n'ubwo hafa hafashwe Goma, Sake, Bukavu n'ahandi.
Nkunda L.
Kigali City
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